令人惊叹！这 20 段 Python 代码请务必记住

在 Python 编程的世界里，掌握一些关键的代码片段可以极大地提高工作效率和编程能力。以下是为您精心挑选的 20 段令人惊叹的 Python 代码，务必记住它们！

1. 快速排序算法

def quick_sort(arr):
    if len(arr) <= 1:
        return arr
    pivot = arr[len(arr) // 2]
    left = [x for x in arr if x < pivot]
    middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot]
    right = [x for x in arr if x > pivot]
    return quick_sort(left) + middle + quick_sort(right)

2. 斐波那契数列生成

def fibonacci(n):
    fib_seq = [0, 1]
    while len(fib_seq) < n:
        fib_seq.append(fib_seq[-1] + fib_seq[-2])
    return fib_seq

3. 计算列表元素的平均值

def average(lst):
    return sum(lst) / len(lst)

4. 检查回文

def is_palindrome(s):
    return s == s[::-1]

5. 合并两个已排序的列表

def merge_sorted_lists(list1, list2):
    merged_list = []
    i = j = 0
    while i < len(list1) and j < len(list2):
        if list1[i] < list2[j]:
            merged_list.append(list1[i])
            i += 1
        else:
            merged_list.append(list2[j])
            j += 1
    merged_list.extend(list1[i:])
    merged_list.extend(list2[j:])
    return merged_list

6. 找出列表中的最大值和最小值

def find_max_min(lst):
    return max(lst), min(lst)

7. 字符串反转

def reverse_string(s):
    return s[::-1]

8. 计算阶乘

def factorial(n):
    if n == 0 or n == 1:
        return 1
    else:
        return n * factorial(n - 1)

9. 冒泡排序

def bubble_sort(arr):
    n = len(arr)
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(0, n - i - 1):
            if arr[j] > arr[j + 1] :
                arr[j], arr[j + 1] = arr[j + 1], arr[j]

10. 二分查找

def binary_search(arr, x):
    low = 0
    high = len(arr) - 1

    while low <= high:
        mid = (low + high) // 2

        if arr[mid] == x:
            return mid
        elif arr[mid] < x:
            low = mid + 1
        else:
            high = mid - 1

    return -1

11. 生成随机密码

import random
import string

def generate_password(length):
    all_characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation
    password = ''.join(random.choice(all_characters) for i in range(length))
    return password

12. 计算两个日期之间的天数差

from datetime import date

def days_between_dates(date1, date2):
    return (date2 - date1).days

13. 矩阵转置

def transpose_matrix(matrix):
    return [[matrix[j][i] for j in range(len(matrix))] for i in range(len(matrix[0]))]

14. 统计字符串中单词的出现次数

def word_count(s):
    words = s.split()
    word_count_dict = {}
    for word in words:
        if word in word_count_dict:
            word_count_dict[word] += 1
        else:
            word_count_dict[word] = 1
    return word_count_dict

15. 素数判断

def is_prime(n):
    if n <= 1:
        return False
    if n <= 3:
        return True
    if n % 2 == 0 or n % 3 == 0:
        return False
    i = 5
    while i * i <= n:
        if n % i == 0 or n % (i + 2) == 0:
            return False
        i += 6
    return True

16. 汉诺塔问题

def hanoi(n, source, auxiliary, destination):
    if n == 1:
        print(f"Move disk 1 from {source} to {destination}")
        return
    hanoi(n - 1, source, destination, auxiliary)
    print(f"Move disk {n} from {source} to {destination}")
    hanoi(n - 1, auxiliary, source, destination)

17. 链表节点类

class Node:
    def __init__(self, data=None):
        self.data = data
        self.next = None

18. 二叉树节点类

class TreeNode:
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value
        self.left = None
        self.right = None

19. 读取文件并统计单词数量

def count_words_in_file(file_path):
    word_count = {}
    with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
        for line in file:
            words = line.split()
            for word in words:
                if word in word_count:
                    word_count[word] += 1
                else:
                    word_count[word] = 1
    return word_count

20. 发送电子邮件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

def send_email(subject, body, to_email, from_email, password):
    msg = MIMEText(body)
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg['From'] = from_email
    msg['To'] = to_email

    server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
    server.starttls()
    server.login(from_email, password)
    server.sendmail(from_email, to_email, msg.as_string())
    server.quit()

这些 Python 代码涵盖了各种常见的编程任务和算法，熟练掌握它们将使您在编程之路上更加得心应手。不断练习和运用这些代码，您的 Python 编程技能必将得到显著提升！